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空调：售后安装行业规则面临突变
添加时间：2017/9/7 14:58:25     浏览次数：
众所周知，在家电产品类型中，空调是一个对售后服务，特别是安装依赖度极高的行业。业内曾经有过“空调品质，三分制造七分安装”的说法，足见安装对产品的意义重大。那么，此次格力直接剑指安装费，不能说对空调售后服务没有构成影响。
As we all know, in the type of household electrical appliances, air-conditioning is a after-sales service, especially the installation of highly dependent industries. The industry once had "air conditioning quality, three points to make seven points installation" argument, which shows that the installation of the product is of great significance. Then, the GREE direct power installation fee, can not be said to affect the service of customer service without air conditioning.
壹
One
家用空调作为一个舶来品，是改革开放后逐步进入居民生活中的。最初是作为生活的奢侈品来对待，不仅售价高高在上，安装服务费也是价格不菲。令初涉足这一领域的安装工有过一段美好回忆的时光。
Household air conditioning as an exotic, is after the reform and opening up gradually into the life of the residents. Initially as a luxury of life to treat, not only high prices, installation services are also expensive. The installation workers at the beginning of this field had a good memory.
一位曾在20多年前干过安装工的家电人士回忆，空调刚在国内普及时，外资品牌居多，安装费确实不少，挂机的安装费都在250-300元之间。柜机最初的安装费也在500元左右。只是后来国内品牌崛起，打起了价格战，空调的利润渐趋菲薄，安装费也水落船低。
One who worked in the home appliance manufacturer who had worked in the garage more than 20 years ago recalled that when the air conditioner was popularized in China, the foreign brands were in the majority, and the installation fees were indeed quite small. The installation fees on the hang were between 250-300 yuan. The initial installation fee Guiji in 500 yuan. Just then the rise of domestic brands, playing the price war, the air conditioning installation fee also is low profit, low Mizuochi ship.
目前，在格力没有出台给安装工补贴之前，厂家安装费政策一般是，给到挂机150元，甚至更低；柜机200-250元左右。问题是，这些钱是给到代理商或终端商手里，终端商给安装工派活时，还有扣除N多所谓的费用，安装工安装一套挂机实际上能拿到50-80元就不错了。
At present, before GREE did not have to install industrial subsidies, manufacturers installation fee policy in general is to hang up 150 yuan, or even lower cabinet 200-250 yuan. The problem is that the money is given to the agents or terminal operators hands, terminal operators to live installation work, there are many so-called N after deducting costs, installation to install a hook can actually get 50-80 yuan is good.
而且多数安装工是没有底薪的，靠的就是在旺季加班加点赚点辛苦钱。就算旺季一天装6-8台，其收入也并不算高，况且淡季时是没有收入的。
And most installers do not have a basic salary, and rely on overtime during the peak season to earn some hard money. Even if the peak season is 6-8 units a day, the income is not high, and there is no income during the off-season.
贰
Two
按理，空调安装工门槛应该不低，但由于其高危辛苦且报酬不高，略有的技能的人是不愿意干的。现在从事这一工作的基本上还是以农民工为主体。他们的文化程度不高，也没有一技之能。在经过短暂培训后，就凭着年轻力壮上了岗。或许，这就是长期以来售后安装常常出问题的根本原因所在。
By all means, the air conditioning installation threshold should not be low, but because of its high-risk, hard and poor pay, a slight skill is reluctant to do. At present, the peasant workers are still the main part of the work. Their education level is not high, and there is no technical ability. After a brief training, with a young and strong gang. Perhaps, this is the root cause of the problem of after-sale installation for a long time.
空调又是一个季节性产品，夏天旺季安装工是个香饽饽，东家抢西家要，找工作并不困难。问题是，空调的旺季是短暂的，甚至有一年会是凉夏而赚不到多少钱。旺季一过，安装工就无事可干。空调厂商只会养活很少的固定安装工。多数是挥之即去，招之再来的零散人员。造成了安装工类似游牧民族，被人誉为“都市农民”的季节工。
Air conditioning is a seasonal product, the summer season installation work is a sweet pastry, grab the club is not difficult to find a job to Hezekiah. The problem is that the air conditioning season is short, even one year will be hot in summer and not make much money. As soon as the rush season is over, the installer has nothing to do. Air conditioning manufacturers will only feed very few stationary installers. Most of the staff of the play, scattered again. The installation workers are similar to nomadic people, and they are called seasonal workers of "urban farmers".
有资料显示，在欧美、日本等发达国家，安装工的地位并不低。作为技术蓝领，要经过技术学习，并且持有相关技术证书才能持证上岗，但是报酬也是可观的。据了解，在欧美装一台空调的人工费，几乎与一台空调价格相当。以欧美安装工的收入，在当地也算是很体面的工作，与国内有着天壤之别。
Data show that, in Europe and America, Japan and other developed countries, installers position is not low. As a technical blue collar, through technical learning, and holds relevant technical certificates to be certified, but the remuneration is also considerable. It is understood that in Europe and the United States to install an air-conditioning labor costs, almost as much as an air conditioner price. To Europe and the United States installed work income, in the local is considered a decent job, and the country is a world of difference.
叁
Three
长期以来，空调安装一直处于鸡肋状态。谁都知道，这项工作没有肯定是不行的，也都了解它的重要性，但缘于市场竞争造成的利润低下，在实际市场操作上并没有给予真正的重视，安装费用一再走低。安装工的实际收入，并没有因为国内空调产业的繁荣而增长。
For a long time, air conditioning installation has been in a state of chicken ribs. Who knows, this work does not certainly is not, also understand the importance of it, but caused due to competition in the market of low profits, in the actual market operation does not give real attention, the installation costs falling again. The actual income of the installation workers has not increased because of the prosperity of the domestic air conditioning industry.
况且，干属于高危行业的安装工，基本上都是文化程度较低的进城务工者，问题是老一代的安装工逐渐年龄偏大，不再胜任这样的强体力工作而退出后，谁来接替他们从事这样的高危工作呢？这绝不是杞人忧天。
Moreover, dry installation is a high-risk industry, basically is the low level of migrant workers, the problem is the installation work of the older generation gradually older, no longer do such heavy physical work out, who will replace them to engage in high-risk work like this? This is not alarmist.
人无远虑必有近忧。因为，随着我国家与水平的不断提高，受教育水平越来越高，就是农民工的子女逐渐都成为大学生、中专生。不用多想，以现在空调安装工如此低下的薪酬水平，加上高危的工作环境，不仅没有任何吸引力，甚至会成为一些人看不起的工作。
He who does not think of the future is certain to have immediate worries. Because, with the continuous improvement of my country and the level, the level of education is getting higher and higher, that is, the children of migrant workers gradually become college students, secondary technical students. Needless to say, with the present air-conditioning installation workers such a low salary level, coupled with high-risk work environment, not only without any attraction, and even some people look down on the work.
肆
Four
不论从改善当前安装工的生存状况也好，还是为将来这一行业的未来着想也好。格力此次提出为安装工的空调安装费每台增加100元，虽然还没有从根本上改变安装工高危行业属性，但对改变他们的生存状况，起码是有了一个好的开始。
No matter how good it is to improve the living conditions of the current installers or the future of the industry in the future. GREE's proposed installation fee increased 100 yuan each for the installation of air conditioning, although there is no change in high-risk industry attributes installation work fundamentally, but to change their living conditions, at least there is a good start.
当然，很多人认为，格力此举是借安装费打压其他品牌的一个市场策略。这总说法也不是没有道理，很多厂家的纯利润或许就是那每台100元上。如果实实在在将其让出去，很可能就会面临生死存亡的大问题。格力则不同，按照半年披露，格力最新毛利率是35.69%，承担此项费用不会影响到格力绩优股的业绩指标。是否是洗牌之举，时间会给出答案。
Of course, many believe that GREE's move is a market strategy that puts pressure on other brands through installation fees. This statement is not unreasonable, many manufacturers net profit may be that 100 yuan per unit. If it is really put out, it is likely to face a major problem of life and death. GREE is different, in accordance with the disclosure of six months, GREE's latest gross profit margin is 35.69%, bear the cost will not affect the performance of GREE's blue chip stock index. Whether it's shuffling or not, time will give you the answer.
因此，不论格力到底是以什么样心态、初衷而提高空调安装工报酬，客观上确实是对那些日晒雨淋的安装工是一个鼓舞和安慰。毕竟，格力增加了的100元，明确说明不允许任何经销商克扣，是直接补贴给安装工。这对改善空调安装工“高危险低报酬”的现状具有积极的带动作用。
Therefore, no matter what kind of mentality GREE, the original intention and to improve air conditioning installation remuneration, it is objectively for those sun and rain installers is an inspiration and comfort. After all, GREE increased by 100 yuan, clearly stated that does not allow any dealer deduction, is a direct subsidy to installers. This has a positive effect on improving the status quo of "high risk and low reward" for air conditioning installation workers.
伍
Five
透过格力补贴安装工这件事，其实是对国内空调售后服务的弊端展现出来，给空
GREE subsidies through the installation of this matter, in fact, the domestic air-conditioning after-sales service defects show up, to empty
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