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加氟是空调维修的一项基本功
加氟是空调维修的一项基本功，同时又是技术性很强的工作。以下是同行们在维修实践中摸索出来的一些经验，与读者共同探讨。
Plus fluorine is a basic skill in air conditioning repair, and it is also a highly skilled job. Here are some of the experiences that colleagues have explored in their maintenance practices.
一、准确加氟的前提条件
1. The precondition of accurately adding fluorine
1.维修的空调必须符合其使用条件及安装标准。
1. Maintenance of air conditioning must meet its use conditions and installation standards.
2.维修的空调控制系统及执行元件必须正常；管路系统必须已有效排除空气、水分、阻塞、泄漏点等情况；过滤网、内外热交换器应清洁，通风良好。
2. The air-conditioning control system and the execution elements of the maintenance must be normal; The piping system must have effectively eliminated air, water, obstruction, leakage point and so on; Filters and internal and external heat exchangers should be clean and well ventilated.
3.维修工具及材料必须合格。
3. Maintenance tools and materials must be qualified.
4.严格按加氟工艺*作。
4. Strictly follow the process of fluoridation.
二、准确加氟的依据和方法
The basis and method of accurately adding fluorine
1.定量加氟：在三通截止阀工艺口连接好三通阀、压力表、加氟软管、氟瓶或真空泵等。放氟抽真空后，开始慢慢加氟。用台秤等较精确的计量工具称重，当氟瓶内氟的减少量等于空调铭牌上的标准加氟量时，关闭氟瓶阀门。
1. Quantitative plus fluorine: connect the three-way valve, pressure gauge, fluorine hose, flask or vacuum pump at the three-way cut-off valve process port. After the fluorine vacuum, start slowly adding fluoride. Weighing with a more accurate measuring tool such as a platform scale, when the amount of fluorine in fluorine is equal to the standard amount of fluoride on the air conditioner nameplate, close the fluorine valve door.
2.测电流：将空调设置于制冷或制热高速风状态（变频空调设置于试运转状态）下运转，在低压截止阀工艺口处，边加氟边观察钳形电流表变化，当接近空调铭牌标定的额定工作电流值时，关闭氟瓶阀门。此时，让空调继续运转一段时间，当制冷状态下室温接近27℃或制热状态下室温接近20℃时，再考虑室外机空气温度、电网电压高低等影响额定工作电流的因素，同时微调加氟的量使之达到额定工作电流值，做到准确加氟。要进行微调的原因是因为空调铭牌标定的额定工作电流值是空调厂家在以下工况条件测试的数据：制冷状态，电源电压220V或380V时风扇高速风，室内空气温度27℃，室外机空气温度35℃；制热状态，电源电压220V或380V时风扇高速风，室内空气温度20℃，室外机空气温度7℃。
2. The current measurement: set the air conditioning in the cooling or heating high wind speed (frequency conversion air conditioning set to test run state) operate in low pressure cut-off valve mouth, add fluoride while watching clip-on ammeter, when close to the rated current value of air conditioning nameplate calibration, fluorine valve door. At this point, let air conditioning continue to operate for a period of time, when the room temperature refrigeration condition close to 27 ℃ at room temperature or heating conditions close to 20 ℃, consider the air temperature, outdoor power grid voltage levels and other factors that affect the rated working current, at the same time fine-tuning plus the amount of fluorine to rated current value, achieves accurately and fluorine. To fine-tune because air conditioning calibration plate of rated current value is air conditioning factory test data in the following conditions: the refrigeration, the power supply voltage 220 v or 380 v fan speed wind, indoor air temperature is 27 ℃, outdoor air temperature 35 ℃; Heating condition, the power supply voltage 220 v or 380 v fan speed wind, indoor air temperature is 20 ℃, outdoor air temperature 7 ℃.
实践总结的微调数据是：制冷状态下，以室外机空气温度35℃为标准，室外温度每升高或降低1℃，增加或减少额定工作电流值的1.4%；制热状态下，以室外机空气温度7℃为标准，室外温度每升高或降低1℃，增加或减少额定工作电流值的1%；制冷或制热状态下，以额定电源电压220V或380V为标准，电源电压每升高或降低1V，减少或增加额定工作电流值：单相1匹0.025A，1.5匹0.025A×1.5，2匹0.025A×2，3匹0.025A×3；三相3匹0.025A×3/3，5匹0.025A×5/3，10匹0.025A×10/3。
Practice of fine-tuning data is: cooling condition, on the basis of outdoor air temperature 35 ℃. Outdoor temperature higher or lower 1 ℃, increase or decrease 1.4% of the rated current value; Heating condition, on the basis of outdoor air temperature 7 ℃, the temperature outside each raise or lower 1 ℃, increase or decrease 1% of the rated current value; Cooling or heating mode, with rated voltage 220 v or 380 v as the standard, every raise or lower supply voltage, 1 v to reduce or increase the rated current value: single phase 1 0.025 A, 1.5 x 1.5 0.025 A, 0.025 A horse 2 * 2, 3 0.025 A horse * 3; Three phases, three pieces, 0.025 A times 3/3, 5 pieces 0.025 A times 5/3, 10 pieces 0.025 A times 10/3.
3.测压力法：将空调置于制冷高速风状态（冬天，制热需要加氟时，将空调设置于强制制冷状态或将室温传感器置于27℃左右的温水中，模拟夏天温度让空调处于制冷状态）下运转，在低压截止阀工艺口，边加氟边观察真空压力表的低压压力，当低压在0.49MPa（夏天）或0.25MPa（冬天），关闭氟瓶阀门。再考虑室外机空气温度高低、室内冷负荷大小等影响低压压力的因素，微调氟利昂的量和表压力，做到准确加氟。进行微调的原因是因为低压力与室内冷负荷成正比，即冷负荷越大，压力越高，反之越低；加氟工艺口及附近管道，因安装在室外，其压力及蒸发温度受外界气温影响很大，室内热交换器实际压力及蒸发温度夏天要偏高一些，冬天要偏低一些。实践中总结的在风扇高速风，室内温度为27℃的情况下，低压压力数据如附表所示。
3. The measurement method: put the air conditioning refrigeration high wind speed (winter, when the heating need to add fluoride, set the air conditioning in the state of forced cooling or will put in around 27 ℃ warm water at room temperature sensor, simulated summer temperature for air conditioning in refrigeration condition) operate in low pressure cut-off valve technology, add fluoride while observing low pressure vacuum gauge, when low pressure 0.49 MPa (summer) or 0.25 MPa (winter), fluorine valve door. In addition, the factors influencing low pressure pressure such as air temperature of indoor air temperature and indoor cooling load are considered, and the quantity and pressure of freon are fine-tuned to accurately add fluoride. The reason for the fine tuning is that the low pressure is proportional to the cold load in the room, namely, the higher the cold load, the higher the pressure, the lower the lower; Add fluoride process and near the pipe mouth, because install outside, the pressure and the evaporation temperature is highly affected by the outside temperature, indoor heat exchanger some real pressure and evaporation temperature in summer is on the high side, low to some in the winter. Practice, summed up the fan high speed wind, indoor temperature is 27 ℃, under the condition of low pressure data as shown in table.
4.观察法：将空调设置在制冷或制热高速风状态下运转，加氟量准确时室内热交换器进、出风口处10cm的温差是：制冷时大于12℃，制热时大于16℃；制冷时，室内热交换器全部结露 、蒸发声均匀低沉、室外截止阀处结露、夏季冷凝滴水连续不断、室内热交换器与毛细管的连接处无霜有露 等；制热时，室内热交换器壁温大于40℃。
4. Observation: set the air conditioning in the cooling or heating operation under high wind speed, and accurate amount of fluorine in the indoor heat exchanger into and out of 10 cm FengKouChu temperature difference is: when the refrigeration is greater than 12 ℃, greater than 16 ℃ when heating; All refrigeration, indoor heat exchanger condensation and evaporation sound low, outdoor cut-off valve ChuJie condensation dripping dew, summer continuous, indoor heat exchanger with the capillary joint frost-free dew, etc.; When heating, the indoor heat exchanger wall temperature is greater than 40 ℃.
在实际维修中，变频空调因对加氟量的准确性要求相当高，或定频空调因制冷管路系统需抽真空时，宜采用定量加氟方法。若管路系统需补充氟时JDG金属穿线管 不锈钢链板 隔离墩模具 检查井钢模具 流水槽模具 阶梯护坡模具 护坡砖模具 遮板模具 ，宜采用以测电流为主、测表压为辅，兼顾观察的方法。
In the actual maintenance, the variable frequency air conditioning is required to be very high in the accuracy of the fluoridation, or the fixed frequency air conditioning system needs to be vacuumed due to the refrigeration piping system. If the piping system needs to be supplemented with fluorine, it is advisable to use the method of measuring the current and the pressure of the measuring table
Plus fluorine is a basic skill in air conditioning repair, and it is also a highly skilled job. Here are some of the experiences that colleagues have explored in their maintenance practices.
一、准确加氟的前提条件
1. The precondition of accurately adding fluorine
1.维修的空调必须符合其使用条件及安装标准。
1. Maintenance of air conditioning must meet its use conditions and installation standards.
2.维修的空调控制系统及执行元件必须正常；管路系统必须已有效排除空气、水分、阻塞、泄漏点等情况；过滤网、内外热交换器应清洁，通风良好。
2. The air-conditioning control system and the execution elements of the maintenance must be normal; The piping system must have effectively eliminated air, water, obstruction, leakage point and so on; Filters and internal and external heat exchangers should be clean and well ventilated.
3.维修工具及材料必须合格。
3. Maintenance tools and materials must be qualified.
4.严格按加氟工艺*作。
4. Strictly follow the process of fluoridation.
二、准确加氟的依据和方法
The basis and method of accurately adding fluorine
1.定量加氟：在三通截止阀工艺口连接好三通阀、压力表、加氟软管、氟瓶或真空泵等。放氟抽真空后，开始慢慢加氟。用台秤等较精确的计量工具称重，当氟瓶内氟的减少量等于空调铭牌上的标准加氟量时，关闭氟瓶阀门。
1. Quantitative plus fluorine: connect the three-way valve, pressure gauge, fluorine hose, flask or vacuum pump at the three-way cut-off valve process port. After the fluorine vacuum, start slowly adding fluoride. Weighing with a more accurate measuring tool such as a platform scale, when the amount of fluorine in fluorine is equal to the standard amount of fluoride on the air conditioner nameplate, close the fluorine valve door.
2.测电流：将空调设置于制冷或制热高速风状态（变频空调设置于试运转状态）下运转，在低压截止阀工艺口处，边加氟边观察钳形电流表变化，当接近空调铭牌标定的额定工作电流值时，关闭氟瓶阀门。此时，让空调继续运转一段时间，当制冷状态下室温接近27℃或制热状态下室温接近20℃时，再考虑室外机空气温度、电网电压高低等影响额定工作电流的因素，同时微调加氟的量使之达到额定工作电流值，做到准确加氟。要进行微调的原因是因为空调铭牌标定的额定工作电流值是空调厂家在以下工况条件测试的数据：制冷状态，电源电压220V或380V时风扇高速风，室内空气温度27℃，室外机空气温度35℃；制热状态，电源电压220V或380V时风扇高速风，室内空气温度20℃，室外机空气温度7℃。
2. The current measurement: set the air conditioning in the cooling or heating high wind speed (frequency conversion air conditioning set to test run state) operate in low pressure cut-off valve mouth, add fluoride while watching clip-on ammeter, when close to the rated current value of air conditioning nameplate calibration, fluorine valve door. At this point, let air conditioning continue to operate for a period of time, when the room temperature refrigeration condition close to 27 ℃ at room temperature or heating conditions close to 20 ℃, consider the air temperature, outdoor power grid voltage levels and other factors that affect the rated working current, at the same time fine-tuning plus the amount of fluorine to rated current value, achieves accurately and fluorine. To fine-tune because air conditioning calibration plate of rated current value is air conditioning factory test data in the following conditions: the refrigeration, the power supply voltage 220 v or 380 v fan speed wind, indoor air temperature is 27 ℃, outdoor air temperature 35 ℃; Heating condition, the power supply voltage 220 v or 380 v fan speed wind, indoor air temperature is 20 ℃, outdoor air temperature 7 ℃.
实践总结的微调数据是：制冷状态下，以室外机空气温度35℃为标准，室外温度每升高或降低1℃，增加或减少额定工作电流值的1.4%；制热状态下，以室外机空气温度7℃为标准，室外温度每升高或降低1℃，增加或减少额定工作电流值的1%；制冷或制热状态下，以额定电源电压220V或380V为标准，电源电压每升高或降低1V，减少或增加额定工作电流值：单相1匹0.025A，1.5匹0.025A×1.5，2匹0.025A×2，3匹0.025A×3；三相3匹0.025A×3/3，5匹0.025A×5/3，10匹0.025A×10/3。
Practice of fine-tuning data is: cooling condition, on the basis of outdoor air temperature 35 ℃. Outdoor temperature higher or lower 1 ℃, increase or decrease 1.4% of the rated current value; Heating condition, on the basis of outdoor air temperature 7 ℃, the temperature outside each raise or lower 1 ℃, increase or decrease 1% of the rated current value; Cooling or heating mode, with rated voltage 220 v or 380 v as the standard, every raise or lower supply voltage, 1 v to reduce or increase the rated current value: single phase 1 0.025 A, 1.5 x 1.5 0.025 A, 0.025 A horse 2 * 2, 3 0.025 A horse * 3; Three phases, three pieces, 0.025 A times 3/3, 5 pieces 0.025 A times 5/3, 10 pieces 0.025 A times 10/3.
3.测压力法：将空调置于制冷高速风状态（冬天，制热需要加氟时，将空调设置于强制制冷状态或将室温传感器置于27℃左右的温水中，模拟夏天温度让空调处于制冷状态）下运转，在低压截止阀工艺口，边加氟边观察真空压力表的低压压力，当低压在0.49MPa（夏天）或0.25MPa（冬天），关闭氟瓶阀门。再考虑室外机空气温度高低、室内冷负荷大小等影响低压压力的因素，微调氟利昂的量和表压力，做到准确加氟。进行微调的原因是因为低压力与室内冷负荷成正比，即冷负荷越大，压力越高，反之越低；加氟工艺口及附近管道，因安装在室外，其压力及蒸发温度受外界气温影响很大，室内热交换器实际压力及蒸发温度夏天要偏高一些，冬天要偏低一些。实践中总结的在风扇高速风，室内温度为27℃的情况下，低压压力数据如附表所示。
3. The measurement method: put the air conditioning refrigeration high wind speed (winter, when the heating need to add fluoride, set the air conditioning in the state of forced cooling or will put in around 27 ℃ warm water at room temperature sensor, simulated summer temperature for air conditioning in refrigeration condition) operate in low pressure cut-off valve technology, add fluoride while observing low pressure vacuum gauge, when low pressure 0.49 MPa (summer) or 0.25 MPa (winter), fluorine valve door. In addition, the factors influencing low pressure pressure such as air temperature of indoor air temperature and indoor cooling load are considered, and the quantity and pressure of freon are fine-tuned to accurately add fluoride. The reason for the fine tuning is that the low pressure is proportional to the cold load in the room, namely, the higher the cold load, the higher the pressure, the lower the lower; Add fluoride process and near the pipe mouth, because install outside, the pressure and the evaporation temperature is highly affected by the outside temperature, indoor heat exchanger some real pressure and evaporation temperature in summer is on the high side, low to some in the winter. Practice, summed up the fan high speed wind, indoor temperature is 27 ℃, under the condition of low pressure data as shown in table.
4.观察法：将空调设置在制冷或制热高速风状态下运转，加氟量准确时室内热交换器进、出风口处10cm的温差是：制冷时大于12℃，制热时大于16℃；制冷时，室内热交换器全部结露 、蒸发声均匀低沉、室外截止阀处结露、夏季冷凝滴水连续不断、室内热交换器与毛细管的连接处无霜有露 等；制热时，室内热交换器壁温大于40℃。
4. Observation: set the air conditioning in the cooling or heating operation under high wind speed, and accurate amount of fluorine in the indoor heat exchanger into and out of 10 cm FengKouChu temperature difference is: when the refrigeration is greater than 12 ℃, greater than 16 ℃ when heating; All refrigeration, indoor heat exchanger condensation and evaporation sound low, outdoor cut-off valve ChuJie condensation dripping dew, summer continuous, indoor heat exchanger with the capillary joint frost-free dew, etc.; When heating, the indoor heat exchanger wall temperature is greater than 40 ℃.
在实际维修中，变频空调因对加氟量的准确性要求相当高，或定频空调因制冷管路系统需抽真空时，宜采用定量加氟方法。若管路系统需补充氟时JDG金属穿线管 不锈钢链板 隔离墩模具 检查井钢模具 流水槽模具 阶梯护坡模具 护坡砖模具 遮板模具 ，宜采用以测电流为主、测表压为辅，兼顾观察的方法。
In the actual maintenance, the variable frequency air conditioning is required to be very high in the accuracy of the fluoridation, or the fixed frequency air conditioning system needs to be vacuumed due to the refrigeration piping system. If the piping system needs to be supplemented with fluorine, it is advisable to use the method of measuring the current and the pressure of the measuring table